Imperialism in india Essay Example for Free

Dominion in india Essay Dominion Is the strategy of expanding a countries authority by regional acqulsltlon or by the foundation of monetary and political power over different countries (Dictionary. com). The two fundamental classifications into which the impacts ot colonialism on India can be arranged into are, sure and negative. The beneficial outcomes of colonialism on India exceed the negatives, yet there are negatives by the by, for example, prohibition from the administration. England brought western ethical quality and development, which it came up short on, this Improved Indian culture. This ethical quality and advancement established in nd at that point thrived Into substantially more after the British left. The Imperialism of India had various negative impacts a significant number of which ere clear today. To begin The Government of India was run not by Indians, yet by British. The Indians held positions, yet none Important enough to have any Influence. This influenced them on the grounds that atter the British lett they took their administration and their benefits with them, and subsequently they never figured out how to administer adequately and along these lines the individuals didnt participate in Government. (l) on that Britain industrialized India, however in the process devastated numerous exchanges. This provided India with employments, however its urpose was to utilize India to flexibly Britain with crude materials. The negative impact of Industrialization of India Is that once the British left the interest for their crude materials fell, and in this manner devastated the Industry. (5) With no employments/exchanges for Indians to take up India fell Into joblessness and isolated poor people and the rich definitely, a division that despite everything proceeds right up 'til today. Despite the fact that the government ot India had negative impacts the fallout ot colonialism deserted numerous beneficial outcomes that when harvested helped Indian culture thrive. To begin before the British came it very well may be said that the Indians were not ery good or socialized, because of things, for example, child murder and widow consuming. Child murder is the point at which the female children are executed. Likewise the slave exchange came toa stop. (3) Then when the British showed up In India the acts of Infanticide and widow consuming were immediately halted end in the long run so was subjugation. Another extraordinary commitment of Britain to India Is an Infrastructure which was undoubtedly worked by Indians yet managed by Brltlsh engineers(4) The Infrastructure gave an association between all the individuals and joined them, and framework would likewise encourage exchange inside India and to the fringes to exchange with different nations. These commitments were acceptable yet without a doubt one of the most significant beneficial outcomes of colonialism on India was instruction. A portion of the fundamental parts of instruction that helped shape India were the English language, technical studies, and innovation. (2)The generally Important of these three could seemingly be the English language, in light of the fact that while different nations dre attempting to learn English numerous Indians definitely know the English language and are then ready to exchange and build up trade with most of the world since English Is quickly turning into a typical language for business. The ciences and innovation were likewise significant on the grounds that cutting edge India is based around innovation and science. dominion of India it could be sensibly contended that India profited more in than Britain over the long haul. At long last after Britain left India it didn't take much with it that it didnt as of now have, it may have obtained some affected and some money related increase yet nothing deserving of acclaim. Then again Imperialism set a reason for Indian culture, it gave India a foundation, present day ethics, however above all it gave India instruction. This instruction helped India prosper and turn into the propelling country that it is today.

Guava fruit Essay Example

Guava natural product Essay The intestinal stomach related chemicals alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase are assumes an indispensable job in the sugar processing. One antidiabetic remedial methodology diminishes the post prandial glucose level in blood by the restraint of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase proteins. These can be a significant system in the board of blood glucose. The point of the current examination was to research the phytochemical bioactive mixes of the methanolic concentrate of Psidium guajava leaves, its in vitro enemy of diabetic activity.The test results recommends that the nearness of bioactive mixes, could be liable for the flexible therapeutic properties of this plant including diabetes, the concentrate display the portion subordinate increment in inhibitory impact on alpha-glucosidase chemical (upto 89. 4%), and alpha-amylase chemical (upto 96. 3%). The present investigation demonstrates that the antidiabetic action of methanolic concentrate of Psidium guajava leaves by in vitro exam inations. * Keywords Psidium guajava; Phytochemical; alphaglucosidase; alpha-amylase Introduction Diabetes mellitus is an unpredictable and a various gathering of scatters that upsets he digestion of starch, fat and protein. The quantity of diabetes mellitus cases has been expanding worldwide as of late. In 2000, the world wellbeing association evaluated an aggregate of 171 million of individuals with diabetes mellitus from the worldwide populace, and this report anticipated to increment to 366 million by 2030 (Wild et al. , 2004). With a long course and genuine confusions frequently bringing about high deathrate, the treatment of diabetes spent huge measure of assets including meds, abstains from food, physical preparing, etc in all countries.Thus looking for another class of mixes is fundamental to defeat diabetic issues. There is ceaseless quest for elective medications (Syamsudin, 2010). 15 Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Application. Sci (2013) 2(2):15-19 Psidium guajava Linn. (Myrtac eae) is usually known as Peru or Guava in English. The Psidium guajava leaves are utilized in the treatment of looseness of the bowels, hack, stomachache, diarrhea and decoction of the leaves for cholera patients, toothache and gum bubbles. The leaves indicated hypoglycemic, cardioprotective, myocardial depressant, antimicrobial, antispasmodic activities (Ross, 1999).Inhibition of alphaamylase and alpha-glucosidase chemicals can be a significant procedure in the board of post prandial blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes understanding (Ali et al. , 2006). In this way, target of the current examination is to research the phyto compound, invitro antidiabetic movement of methanolic concentrate of Psidium guajava leaves. lessening sugar, tannins, flavonoids, steroids and alkaloids by utilizing standard phytochemical systems (Evans, W. C and Evans, T. 2003). In vitro strategies utilized in antidiabetic considers Inhibition of alpha-amylase protein A starch arrangement (0. 1% w/v) was g otten by blending 0. g of potato starch in 100 ml of 16 mM of sodium acetic acid derivation cradle. The chemical arrangement was set up by blending 27. 5 mg of alpha-amylase in 100 ml of refined water. The colorimetric reagent is set up by blending sodium potassium tartarate arrangement and 3, 5 di nitro salicylic corrosive arrangement 96 mM. Both control and plant separates were included with starch arrangement and left to respond with alpha-amylase arrangement under soluble conditions at 25? C. The response was estimated more than 3 minutes. The age of maltose was measured by the decrease of 3, 5 dinitro salicylic corrosive to 3amino-5-nitro salicylic acid.This response is perceivable at 540 nm (Malik and Singh, 1980). Materials and Methods Plant material and extraction The new leaves of Psidium guajava were gathered locally and confirmed by the branch of Botany, St. Joseph College, Trichy. The shade dried Psidium guajava leaves were powdered precisely and put away in a hermetical ly sealed holder. The extraction was completed by hot permeation strategy utilizing Soxhlet mechanical assembly. The dissolvable utilized was methanol. Around 100 gm of powder was extricated with 600 ml of methanol. The concentrate was concentrated to dryness under controlled temperature 4050Â °C.The rate yield was seen as 10. 15%. The concentrate was protected in fridge till further use. Phytochemical Screening For starter phytochemical investigation the newly arranged rough methanolic concentrates of leaves were tried for the nearness or nonappearance of phytoconstituents, for example, 16 Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase compound The inhibitory movement was controlled by hatching an answer of starch substrate (2 % w/v maltose or sucrose) 1 ml with 0. 2 M Tris cradle pH 8. 0 and different grouping of plant extricate for 5 min at 37Â °C.The response was started by including 1 ml of alpha-glucosidase protein (1U/ml) to it followed by brooding for 40 min at 35Â °C. At that point the response was ended by the expansion of 2 ml of 6N HCl. At that point the power of the shading was estimated at 540nm (Krishnaveni et al. , 1984). Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Application. Sci (2013) 2(2):15-19 Calculation of half Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) The grouping of the plant removes required to search half of the radicals (IC50) was determined by utilizing the rate rummaging exercises at five unique centralizations of the extract.Percentage restraint (I %) was determined by I % = (Ac-As)/Ac X 100, (Shai et al. , 2010). where Ac is the absorbance of the control and As is the absorbance of the example. Table 1 Phytochemical investigation of methanolic concentrate of Psidium guajava leaves S. No. Phytochemical Constituents Name of the Test Mayer s test Dragondraff test Wagner Test Molish Test Fehling Test Benedicts Test Lead Acetate Ferric chloride. Smelling salts Salkowaski H2So4 Liebermann s Burchard Test H2So4 Ammonia Shinoda s Test Ferric chloride Sodium chloride Borntrage r s test Methanolic Extract + Condensed Tannin + _ Alkaloids 2 3 4 5 6 Carbohydrates Tannins Pseudo tannins Chlorogenic corrosive Steroidal Glycosides Anthocyanin Steroidal Glycosides Saponins glycosides Flavonoids Flavones Phenols Coumarin Phytochemical constituents Results The fundamental phytochemical screening tests for the methanol concentrate of Psidium guajava leaves (Table 1) uncovered the nearness of sugars, alkaloids, flavones, tannins, steroidal glycosides, phenols and coumarin. Any of these optional metabolites, independently or in blend with others could be answerable for the counter diabetic action of the plant.There was a portion subordinate increment in rate inhibitory action against alphaamylase protein. At a grouping of 0. 2 ml of plant remove demonstrated a rate restraint 27. 8% and for 1. 0 ml plant remove indicated restraint of 96. 3% (Table 2). The Psidium guajava methanol extricate uncovered a noteworthy inhibitory activity of alpha-glucosidase protein. The ra te hindrance at 0. 2-1. 0 ml groupings of Psidium guajava remove demonstrated a portion subordinate increment in rate restraint. The rate restraint shifted from 89. 4% 31. 7% for most noteworthy fixation to the least oncentration (Table 3). 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +++= High; + = Present; ++ = Moderate; = Absent Table. 2 In vitro antidiabetic action of alpha-amylase strategy S. No 1 2 3 4 5 Concentration of Sample (ml) 0. 2 0. 4 0. 6 0. 8 1. 0 % of Inhibition 27. 8 48. 9 62. 5 87. 2 96. 3 17 Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Application. Sci (2013) 2(2):15-19 Table 3 In vitro antidiabetic action of alpha glucosidase technique S. No 1 2 3 4 5 Concentration of Sample (ml) 0. 2 0. 4 0. 6 0. 8 1. 0 % Of Inhibition 31. 7 53. 9 68. 2 76. 5 89. 4 Discussion Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic issue with expanding occurrence all through the world.Insulin is a key player in the control of glucose homeostasis. Absence of insulin influences sugar, fat and protein digestion (Rajiv Gandhi and Sasikumar, 2012). The executives of diabetes without symptoms is still test to the clinical network. It was suggested that hindrance of the action of such alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase would defer the corruption of sugar, which would thus cause a decline in the ingestion of glucose, accordingly the decrease of postprandial blood glucose level rise (Rhabaso Lhoret and Chiasson, 2004).In the current examination, explore has been done to assess the primer phytochemical examination and the capability of methanol concentrate of Psidium guajava leaf in repressing alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase. The current finding of Phytochemical screening of the plant extricate affirmed the nearness of a few bioactive mixes like alkaloids, flavones, tannins and phenols which could be liable for the flexible therapeutic properties of this plant. The current finding uncovers that Psidium guajava effectively hinders both alpha18 mylase and alpha-glucosidase catalysts in vitro in a portion subordinate way. The flu id concentrates from Syzygium cumini seeds and Psidium guajava leaves both demonstrated a portion subordinate inhibitory impact on alpha-amylase action (Karthic et al. , 2008). The antidiabetic activity of Psidium guajava can likewise be credited to the intestinal alpha-amylase and alphaglucosidase inhibitory action. Further examinations are required to explain whether Psidium guajava have antidiabetic potential by in vivo for approving the conventional case of the plant.In this current investigation we assessed in vitro alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase action of unrefined methanol concentrate of Psidium guajava leaves. The plant indicated huge restraint action, so further the compound confinement, decontamination and portrayal which is liable for hindering movement, must be accomplished for the use of antidiabetic specialist. Affirmation The creators are thankful to Dr. P. Selvaraj, Chairman, Shivani Group of Institutions, Trichy, whose open heart cheered our endeavors to proces s this endeavor appropriately, effectively to finish the task.Also we stretch out our gratitude to The Secretary, The Principal and The Staff individuals from the SSK Polytechnic College,

How to Write a Paper in MLA Format Quickly

How to Write a Paper in MLA Format Quickly Many students argue what is more important for academic writing: content or formatting. The reason for this controversy is very simple: professors demand a combination of both sides. Although academic writing presupposes conducting research, the ready text should have a proper standard layout meeting all the necessary requirements. What are these requirements? The majority of them are formulated in specialized writing guides available in every university library. It is important to mention that these guidelines for academic writing were created with the help of the most reliable scientific organizations. The most popular of them that are used all over the world include the Modern Language Association (MLA) format and the American Psychological Association (APA) format. Consequently, the APA standard is typically used in academic papers in psychology and medicine, while the MLA standard is used in other academic disciplines. How to: MLA Format of a Paper MLA paper format is considered the most popular in the academic sphere. The majority of students use it to make their works look professional and avoid plagiarism. What is MLA format for a paper? It is a set of standard rules, according to which all research paper in the Humanities should be formatted. This standard is so requested nowadays that even college students and secondary school pupils know how to make a text in the MLA standard. It is necessary to use the following tips: Font. The standard font of MLA style for all academic papers is Times New Roman, 12-point font size. This is the most popular font worldwide used both in business and the academic sphere. Margins. The document should be formatted to have a one-inch margin on every side. Alignment. The whole text should be left-aligned. Choose the function Align Left to apply this option. Spaces. Text should be typed in double-space. Keep in mind the absence of extra spaces anywhere in the text! MLA format paper heading. Each header should have a name and a page number, upper right of every page. Hence, keeping in mind these options, you will be able to format each text according to the rules of the MLA style. MLA Format: Research Paper Writing Different formatting styles are used in different types of academic writing, and research paper writing is not an exception. As you remember, to create a research paper, a student should conduct a deep investigation of a particular issue. Such research implies work with different literature resources, such as books, journals, compendiums, etc. However, to avoid plagiarism and show the significance of used materials, a student should enumerate all the books and other sources he/she used to create the paper. This list of references takes a special section and is usually placed at the very end of the term paper. Similar to the text itself, this list also has to be formatted according to the specific requirements outlined in the MLA research paper format. MLA format of research paper outline and all other parts of a paper use the same rules for text execution, which were given in the previous paragraph. However, the list of used resources has some other rules of formatting, for example, the following ones: Title. The list of references according to the MLA style is called “Work cited.” The “Work cited” section should always start from a new page. The heading of this section should be the same as headings of the main part, including a page number and your name at the top. All works enumerated in this section should be placed alphabetically by the authors’ names, not in order of appearance in the paper. MLA style requires putting the author’s last name first, followed by his/her full first name. According to the MLA style, when information is cited and author’s name is listed within the sentence, you should place the page number at the end of the work. Use italics to mark titles of all books, journals, and other materials used for this research paper. The MLA style does not use commas to separate the author’s name and page numbers. By following these simple rules, you may not only write a good term paper but also enumerate all materials used by you in a proper manner. It is extremely important to know how to format the list of references right, especially if you want to devote your life to science. By learning this set of rules, you may be sure that your list of references is formatted perfectly and meets the requirements set for scientific articles in academic journals and other official publications. Remember, improper formatting makes the text negligent, and it can be the reason to return your academic paper for revision. Certainly, you would want to avoid such situations. Writing a research paper is a very difficult task to do. A good paper needs a good investigation of the chosen issue. Moreover, you should also pay attention to a proper formatting. Certainly, you get disappointed and upset when your paper is returned for editing, so dedicate time to ensuring that it is written correctly. If you are not confident in your writing skills, you can turn to specialists of different custom writing services. They can only to write the text of the paper itself but also meet all necessary requirements of a particular formatting style. Each student at least once in a lifetime faced the threat of a looming deadline. However, it often happens that due to different reasonable excuses, he/she cannot compose the text on time. Reasons may be different but the results are always the same â€" a student is looking for someone who could help him to make a research paper in MLA format quickly. By delegating this task to experienced writers who already created a large number of similar works, you may expect receiving the high-quality result that is worth paying for. Our specialists may not only format your paper but also write it for you. It will be up to the mark! Hence, if you are still confused and don’t know what to do, don’t hesitate! Visit our site to learn more about our services and probably make your first order! You will be pleased with our prices and the quality of services.

Essay on Business Ethics - 779 Words

Kristine Martin Business Ethics Unit 3 Case Summary -China, India, and Wal-Mart: Issues of Price, Quality, and Sourcing:: Case Questions: 1. What are the ethical issues associated with Wal-Mart’s extensive sourcing of low-cost products from China? Wal-Mart pricing is too low. As the worlds largest retailer, Wal-Mart leverages its huge orders to convince factories to sell goods at low prices that are not sustainable. This puts pressure on other brands to pay less, thereby setting a dangerous industry precedent. According to Correspondent Hedrick Smith: â€Å"We heard that story again and again from American manufacturers in sectors as diverse as electronics, apparel, bicycles, furniture, and textiles. They expressed private†¦show more content†¦In the first national independent poll of Wal-Mart associates, conducted by Lake Research Partners in May and June of 2011, concerns about staffing levels were broadly cited by associates among top three things they would change with the company, after higher pay and more respect on the job. Among the other findings: * Nearly  ¾ say understaffing has created problems such as stock-outs, messy stores and poor customer service; * In contrast to company statements regarding high levels of employee satisfaction, 84% say they would take a better job if they could find one *  ½ say they are living paycheck to paycheck; only 14% describe their household as living comfortably. Across the country the reductions in staffing have translated into significantly increased workloads. A few examples convey the scale of the changes: * An associate in the electronics department in Southern California: â€Å"There used to be four or five people in consumer electronics at any given time, now it’s one or two;† * An associate in overnight stocking in Southern California: â€Å"I used to do five pallets a night, now they say I have to do 12;† * A former assistant manager in Seattle: â€Å"Our store used to have about 600 employees, now it’s about 350.† (Marshall) WhatShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics : Ethics And Business943 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussions in Business is Ethics. Some people believe that the decisions businesses make in interest of the business has no place in ethics and that they are essentially amoral. These businesses believe that their main objective is to simply make a profit and that it does not affect the success of the business. Whereas some businesses believe that they have to take ethics into consideration, in order for their business to be a success. Richard T. De George (1999) states that ethics and business do notRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1471 Words   |  6 PagesReview Nowadays, the concern for business ethics is growing rapidly in the business community around the world. Business ethics are focused on the judgment of decisions taken by managers and their behaviors. The issue regarding these judgments is the norms and cultures that shape these judgments. Business ethics are concerned about the issue, how will the issue be solved and how will it move ahead along the transition analysis as well (Carroll, 2014). Business ethics can be addressed at differentRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1304 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Ethics Varun Shah University of Texas at Dallas Business Ethics Morals are a crucial part of life. Without having principles one would never be able to distinguish the right from wrong and good from evil. Just as it applies to life in general, ethics is an integral part of doing business as well. When we here the term Business Ethics in our work place, we usually do not take it seriously and brush it off saying ‘it’s just a simple set of basic rules like not cheating and so on’. ThisRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay1097 Words   |  5 PagesResource A discusses how ethics is crucial in business. There are three key ideas used to understand this. Firstly, making ethically wrong decisions tend to cause more upset than other general mistakes as purposeful unethical actions are not as easily forgiven or forgotten. Secondly, ethics provides businesses with a broader understanding of everything to do with their business. Business ethics is effectively just business it its larger human context. Thirdly, being unethical ca n tarnish the publicRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1064 Words   |  5 Pages　　　　Business Ethics Ethics can be viewed as the rules and values that determine goals and actions people should follow when dealing with other human beings. However, business ethics can be defined as moral principles of a business. It examines moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. Generally, it has both normative and descriptive dimensions. Organization practice and career specialization are regarded as normative whereas academics attempting to understand business behaviourRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics757 Words   |  4 Pagesdeciding what to do in certain situations, ethics is what guides an individual to act in a way that is good, or right. Those involved in business settings apply ethics to business situations, known as business ethics. It is expected of businesses, small and large, to follow business ethics. There is a particular framework businesses are to follow. However, the reoccurring news headlines of poor business ethics prove differently. Poor busine ss ethics include bribery, corporate accounting scandalsRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1200 Words   |  5 PagesEthics meaning in simple way for average person is what is right from wrong. According to Chris MacDonald (2010)† Ethics† can be defined as the critical, structured examinations of how we should behave - in particular, how we should constrain the pursuit of self-interest when our actions affect others. â€Å"Business ethics is the applied ethics discipline that address the moral features of commercial activity (Business ethics, 2008).Working in ethical way in business has a lot of benefits which can attractRead MoreBusiness Ethics Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesUnderstanding Business Ethics Unit 37: National Diploma Assignment brief TASK 1: Scenario: Business ethics - a study of a selected company With growing interest among consumers regarding the business ethics of the businesses brands that consumers buy, Westminster council wants to conduct an independent review of some of the organisations that sell their goods and services in the borough. You have been asked to select one of the following brands and conduct research into their business ethics. Read MoreThe Ethics Of The Business Ethics1431 Words   |  6 Pages BUSINESS ETHICS INTRODUCTION:- Presentation Ethics are exceptionally regular and essential good esteem that helps us to take the right choice where we think that it hard to pick between our own advantages and the correct thing to do. We are going to talk about three sections of morals Behavioral morals, Bounded ethicality and last one is irreconcilable situation. As from the names of these parts of morals, its verging on clarifying the significance of it. It clarifies why great individualsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay2711 Words   |  11 PagesBusiness Ethics Business ethics is a type of professional ethics or applied ethics which examines moral problems and ethical principles that come up in a corporate environment. It is applied to every aspect of conducting business. According to Milton Friedman, a company has the responsibility to generate as much revenue as it can while still conforming to the basic rules that society has set. These rules include the ones embodied in customs as well as in law. Similarly, Peter Drucker stated that

Global Warming And Climate Change Essay - 953 Words

The word ‘Climate Change’ may seem familiar people more often these days. In the last century. Nearly every aspect of today’s technology was influenced back then by the Industrial Revolution; therefore, it could be regarded as a significant turning point in history. It also inspired the later emergence of the modern capitalist economy and opened up a new era of manufacturing. Economic historian has no doubt that the Industrial Revolution marks considerably one of the most important event in the history of humanity. (Hobsbawm 27) However, it contributes Other side effects such as global warming and climate change. Still, many of the inventions today are improvement of the Industrial Revolution and other invention paved the way for the technological advancements that we can benefit from in today’s world. (McCloskey Deidre). Despite the fact that climate change has influenced the environment to a great extend in recent decades, it is not too late to save it f rom its further negative changes. The rapidly increasing amount of carbon dioxide may be one of the factors that cause climate change. As Mayer states, â€Å"Concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are increasing, and have done so since the Industrial Revolution.† An atmospheric CO2 concentration, research shows that there is a dramatic increase from 280 parts per million (ppm) in 1750 to 373 ppm in 2002, a rise of the third. Furthermore, the linear chart demonstrated the trend of annual global CO2 emissions and itShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming And Climate Change974 Words   |  4 Pagesabout global warming, whether it is true or false. Is there evidence to prove that global warming has impacted the climate due to the rise in the earth’s temperature? Climate change is a problem that is worldwide that should be reviewed. The rise in the earth’s temperature has caused some impact to the weather and climate changes to many places worldwide. This rise in temperature has the potenti al of causing drastic changes to the earth in many ways. It is time to view the global warming concernsRead MoreClimate Change Of Global Warming924 Words   |  4 Pages Figure 0.1 shows the different effects of global warming. Global warming is the warming of our planet at an extreme rate. The Earth’s climate has warmed by 7.8OC since 1880. (Quick facts about science, 2015). What causes global warming? The cause of global warming is the carbon dioxide. This acts like a blanket. Protecting the earth, and heating the earth. Sun rays would normally bounce around the earth, but with the blanket, the sun rays heat the blanket which heats the earth. (Petersen ScienceRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change1398 Words   |  6 Pages Global warming and climate change have been frequent topics of discussion over the past several years. Although people tend to focus on the politics, it is important to look past the media aspects of it into the cold hard facts of what our Earth is currently experiencing, and what has caused it in the first place. The cause of climate change includes natural causes, but human causes are what is generating such a rapid global temperature change. It’s time that the ways in which humanity affectsRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1060 Words   |  5 PagesClimate change (Klaus) 1000 The terms â€Å"global warming†, â€Å"climate change† or â€Å"greenhouse effect† have become more than just parts of the popular lexicon as they rather are subject of public discussions, scientific research or political debates. 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This means that, no matter what policies, processes or actions are implemented, the Earth as we know it will never be the same again. There is significant evidence to support this hypothesis. The dilemma becomes whether we can limit the damage and adapt to a new status quo or not. Rising sea levels and the damage caused by this phenomenon has irreversible impacts on coastlines worldwide. Damage to sensitive reef systems cannot be fixed. This alsoRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1022 Words   |  5 PagesWhat = Climate Change Who = Emma, Aoife, Julia, Rachael, Mariah and Cà ©line What is it? Climate Change is a change in the demographic distribution of weather patterns, and related change in oceans, land surfaces and ice sheets, happening over time scales of decades or longer. It’s the world’s greatest threat. Climate change is the change in temperature over a period of time. It involves the greenhouse effect and global warming. Where is it? 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Climate change is a long-term shift in the statistics of the weather (including its averages). For example, it could show up as a change in climate normal (expected average values for temperature and precipitation)Read MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1630 Words   |  7 PagesClimate Related Threats Global warming will lead to uncontrollable devastation such as famine, war, and economic instability. Climate change will accelerate the dislocation of hundreds of millions of people and the extinction of many species. The negative effects of climate change are obvious on every continent. Professor Le Quere, director of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of East Anglia said, The human influence on climate change is clear. The atmosphere and

Math Scores At Harmony Creek Middle School Education Essay Free Essays

string(30) " 71 pupils were taught by Ms\." This paper is in response to a petition to find if there is a important difference in math trial tonss that can be attributed to methods of direction and instruction assignments at Harmony Creek Middle School based on ethnicity, socioeconomic position and ethnicity. Test scores for all pupils grouped by instructor, gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic position as determined by the eligibility of the pupil to measure up for free or decreased monetary value tiffin. An Analysis of Variance trial ( ANOVA ) was performed on each information subset and when important differences were found a station hoc analysis utilizing a simple t-test presuming equal discrepancies was used to measure the presence of any important difference in the average trial tonss in math that may be attributed to the method of direction and other listed factors. We will write a custom essay sample on Math Scores At Harmony Creek Middle School Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Do gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic position, method of direction and instructor assignments significantly affect math tonss at Harmony Creek Middle School? Introduction Harmony Creek Middle School disposal has become concerned with math trial mark over the past several old ages and has examined the construction of the plan in an attempt to turn to the state of affairs. Professional development activities for the three instructors ‘ presently learning math categories have been provided and a restructuring of the instruction methodological analysis has been proposed as a possible solution to the job. At present two of the math instructors use a criterions based instructional method with the 3rd instructor utilizing a more traditional method. This paper will try to turn to the different instruction methods along with gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic position and in what mode these factors seemingly affect the math tonss within the school. It should be noted that this research is really limited in nature and farther research is called for in this topic. It should besides be noted that with the limited information available and with the methods of roll uping the statistics that there are possible mistakes within the decisions. An analysis of informations covering several old ages would perchance be a better index of the identified issues and could bring forth different consequences. At present there is some favour to standardise the instruction methods within the school to supply more consistent direction of the math plan. Differing sentiments as to efficiency of traditional instruction methods versus criterions based direction exist. Opinions to the construct of grouping pupils by ethnicity and by abilities within cultural groups are besides a topic of some contention to the staff. Surveies seem to propose that a criterions based schoolroom helps kids to derive a better appreciation of math and helps the pupil to go a better critical mind. Traditional methods of instruction may bring forth better procedural accomplishments but seems to make little to assist pupils go better job convergent thinkers. Grouping pupils by ethnicity and by abilities has besides been shown to bring forth really few positive effects and tend to really increase spreads in cognition and accomplishments. Delegating pupils to instructors of the same race have non been shown to hold a important consequence on trial tonss. This paper will analyze the trial tonss of all math pupils at Harmony Creek Middle School harmonizing to race, gender, and socioeconomic position. Methods of direction will besides be examined to try to find if traditional instructional methods or criterions based methods are more effectual. It is hypothesized that there is no important difference in math tonss for pupils based on gender, socioeconomic position or ethnicity. The hypothesis is besides that there is no relationship between teacher assignment and trial tonss based on ethnicity. Reappraisal of literature Past surveies have theorized that sorted pupils should on norm do better and separately should make at least every bit good. It is besides theorized that a position order could take to increased competition within the group, harder work by persons and to higher consequences for the group as a whole ( Hoffer, 1992 ) . Other factors would look to hold some bearing on grouping though as it is frequently thought that instructors relegated to take down group categories would hold lower degrees of occupation satisfaction and that the attempt of these instructors would worsen. The grouping of pupils by ability or cultural grouping may besides ensue in unequal allotment of resources, the instruction of inkinesss, for case, would frequently non have the same quality resources and concerns as the instruction of Whites ( Harris, 2008 ) . Students in higher grouped categories are more likely to be taught by more skilled and motivated instructors who would supply more piquant direction. Lower sorted categories would be given to concentrate on basic accomplishments, trial readying and rote acquisition ( Worthy, 2010 ) . Since lower grouped categories would travel more easy and cover less material the spread in content covered would steadily increase. It is frequently put forth that able pupils are held back by slower 1s when all the pupils work together in the same category ( Goodlad ‘s 1984 ) . Methods To compare the efficiency of the methods of direction this undertaking used the ANOVA trial to compare tonss between the pupils and the three instructors in an attempt to find if the Direct Instruction method or the Standards based Instruction yielded higher tonss. A t-test: two sample presuming equal discrepancies was used as a station hoc analysis when the ANOVA trial indicated that there were important differences in the research informations subsets. Assuming a random assignment of pupils to the three instructors this research should give consequences that will let for a finding to be made as to the Method of Instruction that would see the highest math tonss for the pupils. A 95 % assurance degree was used to table the consequences of this research. The dataset contains tonss from 216 pupils. Students were assigned to categories seemingly without respect to ethnicity, ability, gender or socioeconomic position as each category contained pupils stand foring each factor. 71 pupils were taught by Ms. You read "Math Scores At Harmony Creek Middle School Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" Ruger utilizing a Direct Direction or traditional method of direction. 145 pupils were taught by Ms. Smith and Ms. Wesson who both employ a Standards Based method of direction. The analysis of the information was used to happen if there was a direct tie between the Method of Instruction and the math tonss. A t-test: two sample presuming equal discrepancies was used to compare the tonss for the Direct and the Standards based instructional methods. The information was besides used to compare the trial tonss by factors of ethnicity, gender and socioeconomic position being taught utilizing direct instructional method versus Standards based direction methods. A t-test: two sample presuming equal discrepancies was used here besides for comparing of the tonss. Consequences and Analysis 71 pupils were assigned to Ms. Ruger ( direct direction method ) . 69 pupils were assigned to Ms. Smith and 76 to Ms. Wesson ( criterions based method ) . Students taught utilizing the direct method had a average mark of 55.2 and the mean for pupils in criterions based categories was 70.17. The deliberate T Stat for this comparing was 6.94 and the critical value was 1.97. The T Stat being much larger than the critical value allows for the rejection of the void hypothesis and allows us to presume that there is a important difference in the effectivity of the two methods of direction with the Standards based method ensuing in higher math tonss. Male pupils make up 56 % of the population for this research. 39 males were assigned to direct direction schoolrooms and 81 were assigned to categories utilizing a criterions based method. The mean for direct direction pupils ( male ) was 53.30 and the mean for criterions based pupils ( male ) was 68.20. A t Test gave us a deliberate T Stat of 5.13 and a t critical value of 1.98. Because the T Stat is larger than the t Critical we can reject the void hypothesis and happen that there is a important difference of the tonss of male pupils in direct direction schoolrooms and those taught in criterions based schoolroom with the direct direction method giving higher tonss. Female pupils make up 44 % of the population. 32 females were assigned to schoolrooms utilizing a direct direction method and 64 were assigned to criterions based method categories. The mean for females taught utilizing the direct direction method was 57.65. The mean for females taught utilizing the criterions based method was 72.65. A deliberate T Stat of 4.78 and a t Critical value of 1.98 would let for the rejection of the void hypothesis as the T Stat is larger than the t Critical value. Rejecting the nothing in this case would let us to find that the math tonss of females taught utilizing the criterions based direction method were higher than those of females taught utilizing the direct direction method. Asiatic pupils make up 24 % of the population of pupils. The figure of Asiatic pupils taught under the direct direction method was 17 and the figure of Asiatic pupils taught under the criterions based method was 36. A t Trial: two tailed presuming equal discrepancies resulted in a mean of 53.70 for Asiatic pupils assigned to instructors utilizing a direct direction method and 71.36 for those Asiatic pupils assigned to instructors utilizing criterions based methods. A deliberate T Stat of 3.76 and a t Critical value of 2.00. The value of the T Stat being larger that the T Critical value allows for the rejection of the void hypothesis and leads to the decision that within the Asiatic subpopulation those pupils taught utilizing the criterions based method of direction scored higher in math than those Asiatic pupils taught utilizing the direct direction method. Black pupils represent 24 % of the group. The figure of black pupils taught utilizing the direct direction method is 18 and the figure of black pupils taught under the criterions based method is 34. The mean for Black pupils assigned to instructors utilizing the direct direction method was 55.22 and 72.06 for those Black pupils assigned to instructors utilizing criterions based methods. A t Trial of this subpopulation resulted in a deliberate T Stat of 3.82 and a t Critical value of 2.00. As the value of the T Stat is larger than the t Critical value the void hypothesis is rejected and a decision that the criterions based learning method consequences in higher math tonss for the black pupils in this population is reached. Latino pupils account for 31 % of the population of this group. The figure of Latino pupils taught utilizing the direct direction method was 25 and the Latino pupils assigned to criterions based schoolrooms numbered 41. A t Trial of the Hispanic subpopulation resulted in a mean of 55.64 for Latino pupils assigned to instructors utilizing direct direction and a mean of 70.41 for those assigned to instructors using criterions based learning methods. A deliberate T Stat of 3.90 and a t Critical value of 1.99 was observed for this subpopulation. As the T Stat is larger than the value of t Critical the void hypothesis is rejected and it is concluded that Latino pupils achieve higher math tonss when taught utilizing a criterions based method. White pupils account for the staying 21 % of the population. 11 pupils of this subpopulation are assigned to instructors utilizing a direct direction method and 34 to instructors using criterions based methodological analysis. A t Test resulted in mean of 56.90 for white pupils under a direct direction method and a mean of 66.73 for white pupils taught utilizing criterions based method. A deliberate T Stat of 2.06 and a t Critical value of 2.01 allow for the rejection of the nothing and the decision that white pupils taught utilizing criterions based learning methods achieved higher math tonss during the period studied. 35 pupils in this group having free or decreased monetary value tiffins were assigned to instructors utilizing a direct direction method. 69 pupils received free or decreased monetary value tiffins and were assigned to instructors utilizing criterions based learning methods. The deliberate mean for this subpopulation taught under direct direction was 56.17. The mean for the pupils having free or decreased monetary value tiffins taught under criterions based direction was 71.02. A deliberate T Stat of 5.10 and a t Critical value of 1.98 allow for the rejection of the void hypothesis and allows for the finding that pupils having free or decreased monetary value tiffins achieve higher math tonss when taught utilizing criterions based methods. 36 pupils who did non have free or decreased monetary value tiffins were assigned to instructors utilizing a direct direction method. 76 pupils who did non have free or decreased monetary value tiffins were assigned to instructors who used criterions based direction methods. The average mark for pupils who paid full monetary value for tiffins and were taught utilizing direct direction was 54.38 % and the mean mark for pupils paying full monetary value and assigned to instructors who use criterions based methods was 69.39. A deliberate T Stat of 4.75 and a t Critical value of 1.98 allow for the rejection of the void hypothesis and farther let for the decision that pupils who did non have reduced monetary value or free tiffins and were taught utilizing the criterions based direction method scored achieved higher math tonss than the pupils who did non have reduced monetary value or free tiffins and were assigned to instructors utilizing a direct direction learning method. Decision The consequences of this survey would look to do a clear suggestion that Standards Based Instruction should better math trial tonss at the Harmony Creek Middle School. In about every class at that place existed a important difference in tonss between pupils taught utilizing a Standards Based method and those taught utilizing a Direct Instruction method. This tendency appears across all of factors that were examined and would look to follow the tendencies noted in other research that does be. As Thompson ( 2009 ) noted Standards Based patterns were found to be important subscribers to pupils math accomplishment and that virtually none of the ascertained non-SBI practiced were found to be a important subscriber to student accomplishment by gender or cultural grouping. For the intent of this research a commission was formed to help in the rating of the research consequences and in the finding of the more effectual instructional agencies. Committee members consist of 3 active or former in-between school instructors who are familiar with the type of research to be evaluated, the instructional methods and with the demographics of the community, two community members who are active in their support of the school and a module member of the local community college. All members were chosen because of their engagement in both the community and local schools. All of the commission members have some background in instruction, concern, and finance or in the legal field. Harmony Creek Middle School will necessitate to buy 71 text editions at a cost of $ 100 each to implement the alteration to a criterions based instructional method in all math categories. The entire cost of the text editions will be $ 7100. The commission feels that the disbursal of buying new text editions that will be needed to implement a school broad policy of a criterions based learning method is justified as there should be a pronounced betterment in math tonss which should ensue in an improved ambiance throughout the school and the community. Implementing alterations to the math course of study should increase tonss which will assist to hike the morale of both pupils and module. An addition in math tonss will besides be given to increase support from the community as its members shortly see that Harmony Creek Middle School is non content to keep the position quo and is willing to take stairss to better the instruction of the pupils and in the betterment of the community. The vision statement of Harmony Creek Middle school proclaims that: We believe that each of our pupils, our module and our community is alone. We believe that each of our pupils, our module, and our community deserve the chance to accomplish their full potency. We believe that each individual is responsible for their ain actions and the effects of those actions. We believe that diverseness strengthens persons and the community. We believe that larning in an indispensable and womb-to-tomb procedure. To these terminals this commission feels that we must implement this vision statement with action and make all that is possible to farther instruction, diverseness and chance within our schools. We besides feel that one method to carry through this end is the execution of a Standards Based Instructional method in math categories at Harmony Creek Middle School. How to cite Math Scores At Harmony Creek Middle School Education Essay, Essay examples

Jfk Life And Death Essays - Kennedy Family, John F. Kennedy

Jfk Life And Death His Life and Legacy On November 22, 1963, while being driven through the streets of Dallas, Texas, in his open car, President John F. Kennedy was shot dead, allegedly by the lone gunman, Lee Harvey Oswald. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the 35th President of the United States, the youngest person ever to be elected President, the first Roman Catholic and the first to be born in the 20th century. Kennedy was assassinated before he completed his third year as President therefore his achievements were limited. Nevertheless, his influence was worldwide, and his handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis may have prevented the United States from entering into another world war. The world had not only lost a common man, but a great leader of men. From his heroic actions in World War II to his presidency, making the decisions to avert possible nuclear conflict with world superpowers, greatness can be seen. Kennedy also found the time to author several best-selling novels from his experiences. His symbolic figure repres ented all the charm, vigor and optimism of youth as he led a nation into a new era of prosperity. From his birth into the powerful and influential Kennedy clan, much was to be expected of him. Kennedy was born on May 29,1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts. His father, Joe, Sr., was a successful businessman with many political connections. Appointed by President Roosevelt, Joe, Sr., was given the chair of the Securities and Exchange Commission and later the prestigious position of United States ambassador to Great Britain (Anderson 98). His mother, Rose, was a loving housewife and took young John on frequent trips around historic Boston learning about American Revolutionary history. Both parents impressed on their children that their country had been good to the Kennedys. Performing some service for the country must return whatever benefits the family received from the country they were told. (Anderson 12). The Kennedy clan included Joe, Jr., Bobby, Ted and their sisters, Eunice, Jean, Patricia, Rosemary, and Kathleen. Joe, Jr., was a significant figure in young John's life as he was the figure for most of John's admiration. His older brother was much bigger and stronger than John and took it upon himself to be John's coach and protector. John's childhood was full of sports, fun and activity. This all ended when John grew old enough to leave for school. At the age of thirteen, John left home to attend an away school for the first time. Canterbury School, a boarding school in New Milford, Connecticut and Choate Preparatory in Wallingford, Connecticut completed his elementary education (JFK 98). John graduated in 1934 and was promised a trip to London as a graduation gift. Soon after, John became ill with jaundice and would have to go to the hospital. He spent the rest of the summer trying to recover. He was not entirely well when he started Princeton, several weeks later in the fall of 1 935. Around Christmas the jaundice returned and John had to drop out of school. Before the next school year began, he told his father he wanted to go to Harvard (JFK 98). On campus, young people took interest in politics, social changes, and events in Europe. The United States was pulling out of the Great Depression. Hitler's Nazi Germany followed aggressive territorial expansion in Europe. It was at this time that John first became aware of the vast social and economic differences in the United States. In June 1940, John graduated cum laude (with praise or distinction) from Harvard. His thesis earned a magna cum laude (great praise) ( JFK 98). After graduation, John began to send his paper to publishers, and it was accepted on his second try. Wilfrid Funk published it under the title Why England Slept. It became a bestseller. John, at twenty-five, became a literary sensation. In the spring of 1941, both John and Joe, Jr., decided to enroll in the armed services. Joe was accepted as a naval air cadet but John was turned down by both the army and navy because of his back trouble and history of illness (JFK 98). After months of training and conditioning, John reapplied and on September 19, John was accepted into the

Research Paper on Retail Industry

Research Paper on Retail Industry ABSTRACT In this research paper, we take a peek into the organized retail sector of India. It started making its presence felt nearly a decade after the first lot of entrepreneurs set up shop. A brief introduction and evolution shows how the organized retailing changed its gears over the period from Panwala dhukan to chain stores across the length and breadth of India. The market size and related details gives a statistical view of increasing market in a few major areas of retailing. The major market players who enlivened the present caricature of retail sector are presented briefly along with statistics. The changing scenarios of Indian consumers give a proof to the potential opportunity in the retailing arena. SWOT and its subheads take you to the crux of analysis into retail industry. Out of which we formulated the future prospects. One major lifesaver of the Indian retailing is the advertising and promotional strategies; which comes out with innovative ways to win consumers over and keep them permanently happy. FDI in retail has been contentious issue and may face resistance, given the perceived political scenario. FDI will be a defining moment for Indian retail and how government policies effect the retail industry is given briefly to the end. INTRODUCTION AND EVOLUTION The word ‘Retailing’ refers to any activity that involves the direct sale to an individual customer or end user. Retailing has been the most active and attractive sector of the last decade. While the retailing industry itself has been present through out the history in our country, it is only the recent past that has witnessed so much dynamism. Retailing arena today is very different. It’s the latest bandwagon that has been witnessing hordes of players leaping onto it. While international retail store chains have caught the fancy of many travelers abroad, the action was missing from the Indian business scene, at least till recently. The emergence of organized retailing in India has more to do with the increasing purchasing power of buyers, specially post liberalization, increase in product variety, and the increasing economics of scale, with the aid of modern supply and distribution management solutions. The current retailing revolution has been provided impetus from multiple sources. These revolutionaries include many: Conventional stores upgrading themselves to modern retailing. Companies in competitive environments entering the market directly to ensure exclusive visibility for their products. Professional chain stores coming up to meet the need of the manufacturers who do not fall into either of the above categories. Attractiveness, accessibility and affordability seem to be the key offerings of the retailing chain. In our presentation, we shall be restricting ourselves to the Organized Retailing Sector. Organized retailing mainly comprises of Malls, Branded Stores, Specialty Stores, Departmental Stores, and Discount Stores etc. Evolution: The world first saw the emergence of retailing in the pre 1850s when the Yankee Peddlers, Bartering, Trading Posts and General stores were in place. The first departmental store was established in 1851 by the name of F R Lazarus Company in the U.S. Between 1860 and 1910, chain stores and early general stores dominated the scene. In 1932, the first super market was established in New Jersey (Big Bear). In India the retail market is as old as in the global context. However, the concept organized retailing is comparatively new. Retailing has been one of the prominent driving forces in business in India. Traditionally it has been dominated to a large extent by the unorganized sector. But the growth of the organized sector has been steadily increasing especially after liberalization of the Indian economy. The process started with the establishment of the Shopper’s Stop outlet at Andheri, Mumbai in 1991.Then, other organized retailing stores like Kids Kemp, Crossroads, RPG’s Music world, Pyramids etc followed the trend. CHANGING WAVES The change that organized retail has brought about is evident from how it has transformed the neighborhood grocery or ‘kirana’ store. Gone are the dust-coated shelves and cluttered displays and in place are neat rows of the latest products and spruced up appearance and attentive staff. Organized retail accounts for merely 2% of total retail market. The pace of development is, of course, still below the desired level but the phased growth has been strong enough to ensure that retail does not go the way some of the other ‘sunrise’ industries did following over-investment. While big retailers like Shopper’s Stop, Pantaloon, Subhishka, Food World do get some preferential treatment from large suppliers the relationship between the tow is tense to say the least. Retailers need to get the customer to spend more at their outlets before they can turn the tables on manufacturers. With mere 2% share there is precious little that organized retailing can do to get better terms from manufacturers. International retailers too have evinced interest in India’s retail market. The latest entry is that of supermarket giant from South Africa, tied up with mall developer Nirmal Lifestyle in Mulund. MORE ARE BETTER OFF Indian consumer markets Structure of Indian consumer market (2001-2002) Annual income (Rs) Classification Number of house holds (in millions) URBAN RURAL TOTAL 16,000 Destitutes 5.3 27.7 33.0 16,000-22,000 Aspirants 7.1 36.9 44.0 22,001-45,000 Climbers 16.8 37.3 54.1 45,001-215,000 Consumers 16.6 15.9 32.5 215,000 The rich 0.8 0.4FF 1.2 Total no. Of households 46.6 118.2 164.8 Source: ORG-Marg, ETIG Estimates MARKET SIZE: 2001-02 2007 CAGR (%) Large Segments 8,850 23,109 21 Other Segments 6,050 12,169 15 Non-store Retailing 1,100 1,939 12 Total Organized Retail 16,000 37,216 18 3 Large Segments FOOD Chain Stores 1,500 6,726 35 Single Large Stores others 300 746 20 1800 7,473 33 CLOTHING Manufacturing Retailers 1,350 2,715 15 Chain Stores 1,450 3,919 22 Single Large Stores others 2,150 3,789 12 4,950 10,423 16 CONSUMER DURABLES Manufacturer Retailers 650 1,307 15 Chain Stores 450 1,373 25 Single Large Stores 550 1,106 15 1,650 3,787 18 (Rs Cr) Source: ORG-Marg, ETIG Estimates ETIG has estimated the size of the organized retail industry at about Rs 16,000 crore in 2001-02. Food retailing has shown very rapid growth compared to other sectors. This sector has doubled during the last two years and is expected to grow to more than 30 percent in the next five years. No major national players has emerged in this industry yet and south still remains home to three of the largest players in the industry – Food world, subhiksha and Margin free. Apparel retailing takes a major share of Pie. This will be driven by more sales through multi-brand outlets (MBO’s) and popularity of private labels. One shop selling also saves time. Consumer durables is still in fragmented state. However large format stores are appealing to people. In the south, organized retail has a strong foothold. Vijay Sales and Akbarallys are the main players in Mumbai. A new trend has been sale of BigBazaar. Shoppers Stop too has added consumer durables to its portfolio in certain outlets. Raymond the clothing major has announced a proposed investment of Rs15 crores in a venture that will undertake consumer durables retailing. These developments may mark the beginning of a new era in consumer durables retailing but only time will tell if organized retail can capture a larger share of the durable retailing market. Manufacturer retailer stores form the largest category followed by chain stores. Single large stores will continue to be the key players though their growth rates may not be as high. The following is the list of major players in major cities in India: MAJOR PLAYERS THEIR MARKET SHARE (2001-2002) No of Stores Turn over (Rs Cr) Sales(Rs. Cr) MUMBAI Shoppers Stop 13 256 6,250 Crossword 13 35 7,807 Globus 3 57 7,000 Pantaloon 13 149 10,000 Westside 7 93 6,786 Piramyd 2 55 11,000 Kbn 1 22 10,950 Apna bazaar 75 126 11,111 DELHI Ebony+Wordsworth 10 109 8,462 Wills Sport 29 38 6,333 Sabka bazaar 5 16 8,000 CHENNAI LifeStyle 3 76 6,522 Subhiksha 112 201 16,000 Jainsons 17 57 6,588 Food world 275 363 10,286 OTHERS Big Bazaar 3 67 12,500 Dev’s Super market 1 14 14,000 Adani Ravji 6 16 10,000 PRIORITY LIST Changing consumer behaviour: More discerning demanding lifestyle Indian household income is on the rise (Ref) Lavish life style More priority to eating out (ref) Changing priorities for consumer durables goods as per ages (Ref) Youth is emerging as a core target customer for ‘Look good feel good’ Top Six Categories Preference 1999 2000 2001 Grocery Grocery Grocery Eating out Eating out Eating out Personal care Books Music Personal care Consumer durables Personal care Books Music Clothing Clothing Consumer durables Books Music Consumer durables Clothing Source: KSA Consumer Outlook 2002 This change in purchasing power of consumer and most welcoming trends in buying behavior of consumer gave several cues to existing retailers regarding promotional activities. The potential opportunity in the retail sector can be evident from the shift in the figures over years (Ref) SPENDING ACROSS MAJOR SEGMENTS 1999 2001 2002 Grocery 47.8 48.0 42.1 Personal Care items 7.5 7.1 8.8 Home appliances 0.7 2.0 5 Savings investments 6.1 6.4 5.2 Clothing 6.5 4.7 10.5 Consumer/durables 4.8 5.5 5 * Figures indicated in the tables are in percentages. SWOT Analysis The Strength-Weakness-Opportunities-Threat analysis of the Retail industry can be done as follows: Strengths: Eliminates links in the purchasing chain (direct manufacturer-retailer-customer chain). Technology driven (hence less error prone) Consultative selling Presence of big industry houses (Tatas, Rahejas etc.) which can absorb loses. Consumer service. Variety of products under one roof. Authentic products with Guarantee (some cases) Pleasant shopping ambience. Research driven plus competent manpower. Weaknesses: Lowest per capita space in the world with 2 sq.ft/1000 (congestion) Prices more as compared to specialized shops (in India). Reluctance of people (Middle and lower class) Non-availability of huge land spaces at prime slots (especially in the metros) High overhead and labor costs. Opportunities: Lifestyle changes or status consciousness (NRS Survey) Ready availability of real estate in smaller towns. Improved sourcing options. Increasing time pressure for Indian woman. Focus on more quality, variety and easy availability under one roof. Increase in disposable income (NRS Survey) Feel and touch shopping. No foreign competition. Increasing media exposure to brand. Threats: Roadside bargains. Other retail outlets (organized and unorganized) Personal and homely attention at smaller Shops Availability of credit at other retail (unorganized) outlets. Competition from unorganized sector. Government policies. Problems Paucity of expert management and trained staff. Ban on FDI. Political considerations. Lack of recognization of importance of retailing as a driver of economic growth. High cost of real estate at ‘hot locations’. Complex regulatory regime. Population with diverse cultural background. Fragmented makeup of the consuming market, complex geographical culture structure. Poor infrastructural linkages. Ease of Entry and Exit by players Complex business that requires substantial skills in areas like logistics 2P’s-Property and Personnel are the biggest problems to venture into retailing, since huge area (approx. 1,00,000 square feet) is required for setting up a high-class retailing outlet. Also there’s a dearth of skilled personnel in retailing since it is still thought of a low-class, low paying jobs. Huge marketing required after setting up an organized retailing shop (full-line stores) since competition is with local retailers (unorganized) who are well acquainted with local needs. Huge infrastructure required for setting up an organized retailing shop (Power, logistics systems etc.) GROWTH DRIVERS FOR RETAILING SECTOR Organized retailing is spreading and making its present felt in different parts of the country. Several growth drivers are responsible for this boom of retail industry. There has been an increase in the presence of MNCs. The industrial boom has led to the emergence of new residential areas with aggregation of professionals as well as rapid increase in the number of ‘double-income’ households and growth of the rich/upper middle class with increased purchasing power. This has been combined with the increasing need for touch and feel shopping, especially for the large migrant population. All these factors have together acted favorably in nurturing the industry. One of the main influences in the growth of retail industry is the consumer pull. In fact this seems to be the most important driving factor behind the sustenance of the industry. With the increase in double-income households, working women, there is an increasing pressure on time with very little time available for leisure. So under these circumstances people are preferring the convenience of one stop shopping. They are also seeking speed and efficiency in processing, as a result. Being more aware, consumers are on the lookout for more information, better quality, hygiene and as well as increased customer service. These changes in consumer behavior also augur well for the retail industry. ADVERTISING PROMOTIONAL STRATEGIES Retail, today is a combination of revolution and evolution. The retail industry will continue to evolve and change. With increasing interest in non-store retailing (catalogue shopping, online shopping, home delivery), companies will have to redefine and plan new shopping environments that make shopping experience as enjoyable as possible. While unique displays add flavor to the stores interior, merchandising displays help the customer learn about a product and to promote an impulse purchase. The present study further confirms that displays play a very significant role in increasing sales. MERCHANDISING: Successful retailers today have found that they can dramatically increase their sales by merchandising items in a way that creates good impression. The term merchandising can be defined as â€Å"the promotion of a product by developing strategies for packaging and displaying it. Effective merchandising can help generate more customer traffic, amplify repeat business, increase no of customers who make purchases and increase the size of the purchases that take place- all leading to increase sales. In-store merchandising is no longer a commodities-driven method of organizing a product at retail, but rather the last three feet of any comprehensive and integrated marketing plan. Merchandising plays a crucial role in leveraging brands, since it talks to the consumer when money, product and willingness to buy converge at the retail outlet. The KSA consumer outlook study (2000) in India established that 75% of consumers look out for attractive display in a store. The other important attribu tes were Satisfaction with stores Attributes % Of respondents looking out for this attribute in a retail outlet. Polite courteous sales people 86.1 Quality of products 85.9 Non-intrusive sales people 76.2 Value for money 75.1 Attractive displays 75.0 Range of products 65.8 Schemes promotions 48.8 Exchange/ return policy 44.1 A trial room 32.0 Acceptance of credit cards 25.1 An entertainment center for children 10.0 The price is the most important influencer. It is almost doubly important than retailer suggestion (push). There is a very thin line between schemes and brand name. This means even a new brand backed by good schemes and reasonable price can find favor with the customer. Also providing incentives to the retailer to push the brand may not be a sound strategy after all. Displays scored better than retailer suggestion. This implies eye-catching displays can do wonders to brand sales. Key success factors for a display are: Sales force must be aware of the objective of the display and the retailer must share the same. The retail outlet must fit the profile for the display strategy. All key elements of design and merchandising must be coordinated to get the right effect. Sales force must scan the surrounding environment to gauge the effect of climate as well as competition on proposed place of display. The height of display must be such that it meets the eye level of customer. Above all displays must be eye catching. Hence some time must be spent to maintain the display on repeat visits by sales force. Currently, domestic discount formats within the organized retail market include The Home Stores Sabka Bazaar, Giant, Big Bazaar and the Tirupati Group-owned Hum Sabka Dilli Bazaar and each of them is bang on course. Mr. Sanjeev Kapoor, Managing Director of the recently-set-up Dilli Bazaar, for example, intends to sell FMCG products at anywhere between 3-30 per cent below MRP. Offering flat rates on specific days is also becoming common at discount stores such as these. According to Mr Kapoor, Bulk buying directly from the company cuts down on the distribution and dealer margins significantly, which makes such discounting possible. In order to survive in todays tough retail climate, companies must continually innovate in ways to create stronger, more direct links with their customers. At the same time retailers must focus on the most demanding customers who want customization, value and service. New store designs must assault the consumers sense of sight, sound, Taste, touch and smell-preferably all at the same time. In this environment, merchandising and esp. displays is more important than ever, as being top-of-mind will keep the brand growing. Impact of retail sector in India: In India, the retail sector is the second largest employer after agriculture. The retail industry in India is estimated to employ about 10% of the total labor force. The retail industry in India is enjoying boom time and job opportunities in retailing have been increasing. In fact, retailing has emerged as a new stream of management curriculum, providing new areas of employment. The retailing sector in India is highly fragmented and predominantly consists of small independent, owner-managed shops. Given the size, and the geographical, cultural and socio-economic diversity of India, there is no role model for Indian suppliers and retailers to adapt or expand in the Indian context. Consumer perspective: Consumer response to supermarkets has been moderate because most do not have access to transportation to a supermarket and are still in the habit of buying fresh produce daily from local stores. This is mostly due to the proximity to homes and personal service of local stores. Self-serve supermarkets are a more recent phenomenon in India. These self-service stores stock a wide range of groceries, snacks, processed foods, confectionery items, and cleaning and personal care products. Many shoppers also have the perception that prices are higher at supermarkets because they are large, brightly lit, and air-conditioned. Higher-income consumers focus more on convenience and quality. In urban India, families are experiencing growth in income and dearth of time. More and more women are also turning to corporate jobs, which is adding to the family income but making lifestyles extremely busy. Rising incomes has led to increasing demand for better quality products while lack of time has led a demand for convenience and service. Government Policies Government of India (or for that matter, any of the State Governments) do not even consider this sector worthy of being deemed as an industry status or to formulate any strategy or directive to support or nurture it. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the retailing sector is not permitted yet, in order to protect the interests of the small retailers. There is a strong lobby of small traders that has been vocal on the issue of not permitting FDI into retail. The lobby is based on the premise that modern retail will impact the livelihood of millions of small family-run businesses. Since 1997, the government has barred foreign participation in the retail sector, except for the cash-and-carry wholesale route where wholesalers cannot open retail shops to sell to consumers directly, 100 percent foreign ownership is permitted, and for franchising. However, the Commerce Department is considering a proposal to allow 100% FDI in department stores and 5-star shopping arcades, as these would not compete with small retailers. Major Regulations and Licenses Required: Shop and establishment license NOC from Fire Brigade regarding fire safety norms Conforming to Labour Laws License for fabrics, yarn and other inflammables like cosmetics IPRS, PPL CONCLUSION The task lying ahead of Indian retail is an onerous one. After grappling against the wild tides of the past decade, a few perseverant players have evolved into mature players and are confident of the way ahead. Plenty of opportunity exists and the formidable task is to tap this opportunity, in a unique country like India. The huge potential can be tapped if the following three aspects are stressed: What does it take to make a customer walk into your store and buy products How many such outlets can we open across the country to achieve national status and more importantly economies of scale. There should be a clear-cut vision and perseverance to dig in their heels and wait for the returns that will kick in only a few years later. The retail industry in India is witnessing a high level of organized business activity CRM, supply chain management, visual merchandising customer loyalty programs are now buzzwords in the industry. No where is this transformation more evident than in the organized retail segment for apparel and lifestyle products which is expected to grow at more than 25% to reach Rs12850 crores by 2005. Retail may soon see FDI coming in. After an initial set back, the Indian retailers are now coping up in a phased manner. The backend front end are equally geared up. The key players in the market have learnt to live up with the existing problems and find innovative solution to work around them and the day is not far-off when organized retailing becomes the primary way of selling. Future Prospects  · The size of the industry is estimated at 16,000 crore and is growing at the rate of 18-20 percent per annum. ETIG (Economic times estimate guide) estimates that the retailing industry will cross the 37,000 crore sales mark by the year 2007 and could even exceed this level if the flow of investment in the sector accelerate.  · Departmental stores are coming up in most cities and many more are planned to be opening in the coming years.  · An increase in purchasing power (NRS survey) of the urban population is leading to a higher demand for better lifestyle which is leading to a need for better shopping ambience, superior quality products and improved service. All these factors form the basis for organized retailing.  · With the advent of modern technology, Indian retailers have been spending more on setting up IT systems, which augurs well for the retail industry.  · If FDI is allowed into organized retail, it will be a defining moment into Indian retail as it will allow more foreign players into organized retail, which will lead to increased competition and hence improvement in performance and quality. Rural Market: Indian retailing is currently largely urban and based on models emulated from the US. What is missing is a clear connection to Indian realities. There is a huge untapped potential in the rural market for retailing. India’s rural market stated as a percentage of world population is 12.2 percent. Rural households in India form about 72 percent of the total households- a huge market. Even the current consumption of certain durables and non- durables by rural customers is more than that of urban consumers. Also literacy rates in villages have increased considerably, thus bringing about a shift in consumer tastes. The Hariyali Kisan Bazar (HKB), initiated by the Delhi-based DCM Shriram Consolidated Ltd, is one model catering to retailing in rural areas. It is located at a place close to Shahjahanpur, 167km from Lucknow. It is a retail store that specifically caters to rural people. It has targeted the farmers supplying sugarcane to the sugar mill next door as the main customer. In addition to providing functional products, it also provides farmers with certain other value added services like computerized transactions, touch-screen info kiosk, technical advisory services. Thus, whoever would follow their footsteps and go for retailing in the rural areas stand to gain a lot. The time to shift the gears and accelerate the pace of retail development has arrived and it is up to retailers and potential investors to get their show on the roads. Some retailers are doing this and have massive expansion plans in place. WE NEED MORE LIKE THEM. PROFILE OF SOME MAJOR MARKET PLAYERS SHOPPERS STOP Shoppers Stop, a K. Raheja Group company, started its operations in 1991 with a mega retail store in Andheri, Mumbai. It is one of the major retailers in India with 13 stores across the country out of which 5 are operational in Mumbai. Its main area of business consists of apparel and accessories. One of the executives of Shoppers Stop Mr. Rajesh Shetty, Department Manager of Chembur outlet provided valuable information about the organization. Competitors: Lifestyle Big Bazaar Pantaloons Target segment: It is has been its strategy to target â€Å"higher income group† consumers. Although it has been quite a smaller group in India but they target the entire share of the consumer’s wallet. Customer Policy: The USP of Shoppers Stop is customer service. It focuses on customer loyalty and tries to promote shopping as an experience. Shoppers Stop boasts of being Third in the country in terms of loyal customer base with 3.5 lac customers to its credit. As it is, 60% of its sales are through loyalty programme called First Citizen Club. HR Policies: Shoppers Stop generally recruits undergraduates for its floor operations. Like any other retail business they also suffer from higher attrition rate. It organizes meets and get-togethers for its employees. Future Plans: Shoppers Stop strategy about future expansion is that it intends to exploit the cosmopolitan cities in India to the fullest. In the next phase it would be expanding to the other major Indian cities. Keeping this objective in mind it is planning to increase its store line from 13 to 38 in the next year. In addition, it also plans to open its outlet in Dubai. WILLS LIFESTYLE Beginning with its initial offering of Wills Sport premium relaxed wear from the first store at South Extension, New Delhi in July 2000, ITC has in a short span of time expanded its basket of offerings to the formal segment with Wills Classic formal wear and to the social evening segment with Wills Clublife, evening wear. There are currently 48 stores in 38 cities across the length and breadth of the country and these have established themselves as preferred shopping destinations in the prime shopping districts. At the Images Fashion Awards 2001, ‘Wills Lifestyle’ was declared Most Admired Exclusive Retail Chain of the year†. Wills Classic formal wear, launched in November 2002, is positioned as the brand for New Age Leaders, who encourage teamwork, innovation and enterprise, breaking the shackles of hierarchy and domination. ITC launched Wills Clublife in May 2003 in the growing eveningwear segment, thereby strengthening its portfolio in the premium segment. ITC l aunched its brand of men’s apparel in the popular segment, ‘John Players’, in December 2002. TRENT STORES Introduction: Trent Ltd.’s Westside stores promise customers an international shopping experience and value-for-money. High quality, contemporary designs and a plethora of products have been successfully balanced to create the ultimate shopping experience. Location: What began as just one store at Bangalore has now expanded to other cities, such as Mumbai, Hyderabad, Chennai, New Delhi, Pune, Kolkata, Nagpur and Ahmedabad. The Westside stores have several departments to meet the varied shopping needs of customers. These include the menswear, womenswear, lingerie, kidswear, household accessories, cosmetics and perfumes sections. Complementing the shopping ambience is a coffee shop, CafÐ ¹ West, managed by the Taj Group. Strategy: Trent has primarily focused on garments and accessories. It has decided to build in-store brands rather than stock established brands. This would be beneficial for the company over long term, as margins earned on own brands will be higher. Customer Policy: Trent has positioned its products in the value for money segment by offering premium quality products at affordable prices. The company proposes to start 12 stores all over the country in the next 2 years. The companys business can be categorized into two divisions, namely, Apparels division and other products division. During FY 2000 the companys apparels division contributed 98% of the total sales of Rs336mn. (of the total turnover of Rs495mn Rs336 came from sales of goods and rest form income from current investments) rest 2% came from other products division. During the year FY00 the company sold 1.23mn units of apparels at an average realization of Rs267 per unit. The realizations increased by 26% over that of previous year. During the year of the total sales 85.4% were finished goods purchases and rest was in-house manufacturing.

Dilution Calculations From Stock Solutions in Chemistry

Dilution Calculations From Stock Solutions in Chemistry If youre working in a chemistry lab, its essential to know how to calculate a dilution. Review Dilution, Concentration, and Stock Solutions A dilution is a solution made by adding more solvent to a more concentrated solution (stock solution), which reduces the concentration of the solute. An example of a dilute solution is tap water, which is mostly water (solvent), with a small amount of dissolved minerals and gasses (solutes). An example of a concentrated solution is 98% sulfuric acid (~18 M). The primary reason you start with a concentrated solution and then dilute it to make a dilution is that its very difficult (sometimes impossible) to accurately measure solute to prepare a dilute solution, so there would be a large degree of error in the concentration value. You use the law of conservation of mass to perform the calculation for the dilution: MdilutionVdilution MstockVstock Dilution Example As an example, say you need to prepare 50 ml of a 1.0 M solution from a 2.0 M stock solution. Your first step is to calculate the volume of stock solution that is required. MdilutionVdilution MstockVstock(1.0 M)(50 ml) (2.0 M)(x ml)x [(1.0 M)(50 ml)]/2.0 Mx 25 ml of stock solution So to make your solution, you pour 25 ml of stock solution into a 50 ml volumetric flask. Dilute with solvent to the 50 ml line. Avoid This Common Dilution Mistake Its a common mistake to add too much solvent when making the dilution. Make sure you pour the concentrated solution into the flask and then dilute it to the volume mark. Do not, for example, mix 250 ml of concentrated solution with 1 L of solvent to make a 1-liter solution!

Whirlpool Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Whirlpool Corporation - Essay Example This was compounded by other raw material costs as well leading to a larger end user price which immediately required the attention of the company. 3. In addition to these, Whirlpool also felt that the service support was an unique selling proposition since most of the Asian companies did not have an elaborate service network. In case of Whirlpool they had operations in 170 countries which made it easy and they wanted to make it more effective. It is important that these issues are addressed in their ERP solution. The ERP solution was expected to provide a solution to these key issues. Primarily, it was expected to reduce the cost of production: 2. Reducing the stock on hand and the inventory, both raw material, intermediate and finished goods. This was expected to bring down the holding cost of the product as well. This would also reduce the cost of production. 5. The company also tried to build relationships with various vendors across the globe which would result in outsourcing some of the products that these people can produce for much lesser. This will again bring down the price of the product further. 6. The transportation cost and the raw material cost though they have increased, optimizing the supply and by clubbing together supplies, moving them to the nearest point for fabrication work would all bring down the cost of production. All this would bring down the cost of the end product for the customer. This was what the customer expects. Also cutting down the cost of production would improve the profit margins that the company had. Implementing ERP would bring down the material movement; reduce the stock holding costs in terms of both raw materials and finished goods. There will also better production planning. All this would help in reducing the cost of production further and increasing the margins the company had. ERP

Planning (Local Development Framework) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Planning (Local Development Framework) - Essay Example The local development plan will consist of several Development Plan Documents (DPDs) and Supplementary Planning Documents(SPDs), conforming to the core strategic plans and policies. The salient features of the LDA are as follow: Will define the needs of the community in terms of the educational institutions, health related concerns and other social security requirements relating to employment, retirement, crime prevention etc. All the proposals and plans of the development plan documents and supplementary plan documents will have to undergo sustainability appraisal and must meet the criteria of environment baseline as set by the Borough. The reforms in the planning commissions have made it mandatory for the councils to prepare an Annual Monitoring Report (AMR) for all the ongoing projects and programs of the development schemes and clearly state the present status as against the premeditated goals of the scheme for the previous fiscal year. The implementation process of the projects and programs involves categorical and well defined plan of stratifies development which is to be monitored regularly by the authorities and community. Your involvement is the key to the success of the development in your area. If you or any organization want to be consulted in the future planning of your area or would like to know about the status of the programs and projects of the community, please do get in touch with the us through the email at PlanningPolicy@rbkc.gov.uk or phone us on 020 7361

Theory of Automata: Construction of Symbolic Language

Theory of Automata: Construction of Symbolic Language Rubina Naz M Arslan Riaz ABSTRACT: Conventions for translating ordinary language statements into symbolic notation and many of places are use symbolic language for communication. And alphabet is a finite set of discriminatable and irreducible symbols that can be used either as such, or as representations of some other such set for communication. This abstracts and refines the linguistically idea of alphabet where the symbols map to sounds in a most highly contextual way, most especially in English, which because of its multilingual basis is rather unphonetic in a strict sense. The first thing we are going to do is to learn the elements of this new language. The second is to learn to translate ordinary language grammar into symbolic notation. The third thing is to consider arguments in this new language. Table of Contents (Jump to) INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE OF THE WORK Target Specifications METHODOLOGY SATES FOR AUTOMATA REGULAR LANGUAGE REGULAR EXPRESSION DFA MACHINE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE Inputs with States SATES FOR AUTOMATA REGULAR LANGUAGE REGULAR EXPRESSION TRANSIATION TABLE DFA MACHINE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE (contd†¦.) Basic Hand Signals with inputs Inputs with States SATES FOR AUTOMATA REGULAR LANGUAGE REGULAR EXPRESSION TRANSIATION TABLE DFA MACHINE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE (contd†¦.) Basic Hand Signals with inputs Inputs with States SATES FOR AUTOMATA REGULAR LANGUAGE REGULAR EXPRESSION TRANSIATION TABLE DFA MACHINE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE (contd†¦.) Basic Hand Signals with inputs Inputs with States SATES FOR AUTOMATA REGULAR LANGUAGE REGULAR EXPRESSION TRANSIATION TABLE DFA MACHINE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE FEATURES OF A SYMBOLIC MODEL List of tables (Jump to) Table 1[1]:basic five signals Table 2:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 3:Inputs with States Table 4:TRANSIATION TABLE Table 5:BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE(cntd†¦.) Table 6:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 7:Inputs with States Table 8:TRANSIATION TABLE Table 9:BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE (contd†¦.) Table 10:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 11:Inputs with States Table 12:TRANSIATION TABLE Table 13:BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE (contd†¦.) Table 14:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 15:Inputs with States Table 16:TRANSIATION TABLE Table 17:BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE (contd†¦.) Table 18:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 19:Inputs with States Table 20:TRANSIATION TABLE INTRODUCTION The Symbolic Function of language is the mechanism by which meaning is attached to form. It is the pairing of form and meaning; the symbolic function is a sense-making utility that labels objects (referents) with â€Å"names† that map to a conceptualized meaning. The Communicative Function of language is the means by which parties exchange notions of combined symbols in conventionalized ways to share conceptualizations in a relational way. This includes the ability to alter states of the world, to express internalizations, and to situate meaning in ad hoc frames that draw on world knowledge and encyclopedic knowledge. These two functions interact in a number of ways, actual usage of symbols to communicate being one of those interactions – this may work to explain how idioms form, as the symbols are used in communication to attach meaning to a symbolic construction – entrenched usage normalizing the idiomatic construction into a common unit of communication. Ideally, these tasks would be automated. Symbolic execution is a particularly successful technique for exploring multiple execution paths fully automatically. It has been used to communicate with particular words. The sign language used by the Deaf Community in the UK is called British Sign Language (BSL). manual components, including hand shapes and movements, facial expression and body movements to express meaning, and can be used to express a full range of meaning. What makes the difference issymbolic languagewhich makes significant cultural transmission feasible. But the ideas, the imagination are triggering the century compiled collective knowledge and power in this symbolic language. It was found that at a general level there are many commonalities in thesymbolic languageused in each country. OBJECTIVE OF THE WORK Main objective of this report is how a person can easily communicate and transfer their data or thought without knowing other person. In the report with the help of automata particular engineers can recognized or may only of that person who are involve with them. Target Specifications Valid target languages for model specifications in symbolic language is help to achieve great way of communication and understanding way of talking. The main target is to passing our thought with the help of symbols and transferring our massage easily METHODOLOGY Refers to communication that involves a shared message between the sender and the receiver. Examples of symbolic communication include speech, sign language, writing (print or Braille), picture communication systems, and tactile communication systems. It could be said that everyone employs augmentative communication methods for much of the time. When holding a conversation we contribute to the meaning of the words used in many ways, including facial expression, gesture and body language, or by yawning. These additions can add to the meaning of the words used, or even reverse them completely Symbol systems A variety of symbol systems are in common use. They have generally been developed to suit users and listeners who have difficulty with understanding written language, e.g. people with learning difficulties or young children. Systems can also be combined with individually designed symbols, objects and photographs if required. Table 1[1]:basic five signals Table 2:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 3:Inputs with States SATES FOR AUTOMATA Total states are required for making Automata for function and construction of symbolic language which are describing by the alphabets the initiation state is Q0 which are connect to all (a,b,c,d,e)and final Qf is also connect with all The input a indicates the You The input b indicates the Me The input c indicates the Watch or see The input d indicates the Go The input e indicates the I understand REGULAR LANGUAGE L={a,b,c,d,e}* REGULAR EXPRESSION r.e=(ab,ac,ad,a†¦.) Table 4:TRANSIATION TABLE DFA MACHINE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE Table 5:BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE(cntd†¦.) Table 6:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 7:Inputs with States SATES FOR AUTOMATA Total states are required for making Automata for function and construction of symbolic language which are describing by the alphabets the initiation state is Q0 which are connect to all (f,g,h,i,j)and final Qf is also connect with all The input f indicates the Come The input g indicates the Listen The input h indicates the Hurry The input i indicates the Hold The input j indicates the Column Information REGULAR LANGUAGE L={f,g,h,I,j}* REGULAR EXPRESSION r.e=(ff,fg,fh,fi,fj,gh†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.) Table 8:TRANSIATION TABLE DFA MACHINE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE Table 9:BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE (contd†¦.) Table 10:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 11:Inputs with States SATES FOR AUTOMATA Total states are required for making Automata for function and construction of symbolic language which are describing by the alphabets the initiation state is Q0 which are connect to all (k,l,m,n,o)and final Qf is also connect with all The input k indicates the Move Up The input l indicates the Hestage The input m indicates the Obstacle The input n indicates the Stop The input o indicates the Rally Point REGULAR LANGUAGE L={k,l,m,n,o}* REGULAR EXPRESSION r.e=(kk,kl,km,kn,ko,lm,ln†¦.) Table 12:TRANSIATION TABLE DFA MACHINE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE Table 13:BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE (contd†¦.) Table 14:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 15:Inputs with States SATES FOR AUTOMATA Total states are required for making Automata for function and construction of symbolic language which are describing by the alphabets the initiation state is Q0 which are connect to all (p,q,r,s,t)and final Qf is also connect with all The input p indicates the Enemy The input q indicates the Sniper The input r indicates the Pistle The input s indicates the Riffle The input t indicates the Shotgun REGULAR LANGUAGE L={p,q,r,s,t}* REGULAR EXPRESSION r.e=(pp,pq,pr,ps,pt,qr†¦) Table 16:TRANSIATION TABLE DFA MACHINE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE Table 17:BASIC HAND SIGNALS INDICATES THE SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE (contd†¦.) Table 18:Basic Hand Signals with inputs Table 19:Inputs with States SATES FOR AUTOMATA Total states are required for making Automata for function and construction of symbolic language which are describing by the alphabets the initiation state is Q0 which are connect to all (u,v,w)and final Qf is also connect with all The input u indicates the Door The input v indicates the Window The input w indicates the Point to entry REGULAR LANGUAGE L={u,v,w}*